Forward And Backward Linkages (Supply, Use and Input-Output Tables 2017)
Description
Forward and backward linkage coefficients for Singapore's industries, from the Supply, Use and Input-Output Tables 2017 published by the Singapore Department of Statistics. Forward linkages are supply-oriented and measure how much an industry depends on purchases by downstream industries, while backward linkages are demand-oriented and measure dependence on production by upstream industries. The compact CSV lists both coefficients for around a hundred industry categories. Economists and industrial-policy analysts use the measures to identify key sectors, map inter-industry dependence, and assess how shocks propagate through the economy. Adapted from SingStat TableBuilder CT/17284.
Official description
Source: SINGAPORE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS Data Last Updated: 25/03/2026 Update Frequency: Annual Survey period: Supply, Use and Input-Output Tables 2017 Footnotes: This table shows the forward and backward linkages of each industry. Forward linkages are supply-oriented, and measure an industry’s dependence on the purchases by downstream industries. Backward linkages are demand- oriented, and measure an industry’s dependence on the production by upstream industries. Adapted from: https://tablebuilder.singstat.gov.sg/table/CT/17284
- Last updated
- Rows
- 105
- Columns
- 3
Chart
Values are summed where multiple rows share the same category.
Data
| Coefficient | (Linkage) Forward | (Linkage) Backward |
|---|---|---|
| 001 Agriculture and nursery products | 0.812200 | 1.054500 |
| 002 Livestock | 0.975500 | 0.986000 |
| 003 Fishing and aquaculture | 0.781000 | 0.958100 |
| 004 Food preparations | 0.886900 | 0.959700 |
| 005 Oils and fats | 1.090300 | 1.025400 |
| 006 Dairy products | 0.891000 | 0.921700 |
| 007 Other food products n.e.c | 0.893900 | 1.032400 |
| 008 Beverages and tobacco products | 0.699700 | 0.860800 |
| 009 Textiles | 1.039000 | 0.838700 |
| 010 Wearing apparel and fur products | 0.732700 | 0.803700 |
| 011 Footwear and leather products | 0.629900 | 0.830200 |
| 012 Wood and wooden products (except furniture) | 1.557600 | 0.937800 |
| 013 Paper and paper products | 0.773800 | 0.971900 |
| 014 Printing and reproduction of recorded media | 1.246900 | 0.987100 |
| 015 Petroleum products | 0.877800 | 0.733900 |
| 016 Basic chemicals and chemical products | 1.210200 | 1.034100 |
| 017 Petrochemicals and petrochemical products | 1.005500 | 1.264700 |
| 018 Paints and related products | 1.020500 | 1.037400 |
| 019 Detergents, perfumes, cleaning and toilet preparations | 0.713100 | 0.824000 |
| 020 Other chemical products | 0.810200 | 0.970100 |
| 021 Pharmaceuticals and biological products | 0.656900 | 0.770500 |
| 022 Rubber and plastic products | 1.020800 | 1.129500 |
| 023 Other non-metallic mineral products | 1.509700 | 0.961700 |
| 024 Basic metals | 0.939400 | 0.845800 |
| 025 Fabricated metal products (except machinery and equipment) | 1.121100 | 0.861800 |
Columns
| Column | Type | Categorical |
|---|---|---|
| Coefficient | Text | No |
| (Linkage) Forward | Numeric | No |
| (Linkage) Backward | Numeric | No |